Design, fabrication, and characterization of kinetic-inductive force sensors for scanning probe applications

• August K. Roos,
• Ermes Scarano,
• Elisabet K. Arvidsson,
• Erik Holmgren and
• David B. Haviland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 242–255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.23

• , making it easy to load them into a commercial AFM for mechanical characterization of the cantilever. For the design with nominal cantilever width 40 μm, length 50 μm, and thickness 600 nm, the optical lever detector in our AFM had sufficient bandwidth to detect the fundamental bending mode. We measured

Frequency-dependent nanomechanical profiling for medical diagnosis

• Santiago D. Solares and
• Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1483–1489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.122

• not defined for viscoelastic materials (biological tissues exhibit viscoelastic behavior), whose mechanical response depends on the rate of deformation. Third, AFM mechanical characterization is not always fully repeatable and can depend on equipment, sample preparation, and user expertise (or “art

• be mined, which could in turn aid in the development of more advanced prediction and treatment methods than those currently available. Within the proposed strategy, recently developed frequency-dependent mechanical characterization methods play a central role, as they are the appropriate type of

Effect of sample treatment on the elastic modulus of locust cuticle obtained by nanoindentation

• Chuchu Li,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Hamed Rajabi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 404–410, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.33

• Figure 2d. Discussion Mechanical characterization of fresh cuticle The mechanical properties of insect cuticle are strongly influenced by the level of hydration [6][7][8]. Hence, to obtain realistic data, performing mechanical tests on fresh cuticle samples is necessary. Giving that it is not always

On the frequency dependence of viscoelastic material characterization with intermittent-contact dynamic atomic force microscopy: avoiding mischaracterization across large frequency ranges

• Enrique A. López-Guerra and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1409–1418, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.125

• ][2][3]. Besides its extensive use for topographical measurements, AFM is employed routinely for mechanical characterization [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], among other applications. Within mechanical characterization, materials may be broadly classified as elastic or viscoelastic, not

Wet-spinning of magneto-responsive helical chitosan microfibers

• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Johanna Michel,
• Naiana Suter,
• Matheus Grande de Aguiar and
• Michael Maas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 991–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.83

• dominated by the chitosan matrix (Figure 1). In the plastic regime, however, the presence of IOP aggregates might lead to an earlier fracture than expected for bare chitosan helices. Unfortunately, the mechanical characterization of bare chitosan helices was not possible in the current experimental setup

• data were analyzed using the EasyVSM software, both embedded into the EZ9 device. Mechanical characterization of helical fibers Single filament tensile tests were performed according to the norms DIN EN 1007-4 and 1007-6. The fibers were tested in a self-made tensile testing machine equipped with a 1 N

Size effects of graphene nanoplatelets on the properties of high-density polyethylene nanocomposites: morphological, thermal, electrical, and mechanical characterization

• Tuba Evgin,
• Alpaslan Turgut,
• Georges Hamaoui,
• Zdenko Spitalsky,
• Nicolas Horny,
• Matej Micusik,
• Mihai Chirtoc,
• Mehmet Sarikanat and
• Maria Omastova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 167–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.14

Mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Aβ₄₂, Aβ₄₀, and α-synuclein fibrils: a coarse-grained method to complement experimental studies

• Adolfo B. Poma,
• Horacio V. Guzman,
• Mai Suan Li and
• Panagiotis E. Theodorakis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 500–513, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.51

• fibrils associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Aβ40, Aβ42, and α-synuclein systems to obtain a molecular understanding and interpretation of nanomechanical characterization experiments. The computational method is versatile and addresses a new subarea within the mechanical characterization of

Material property analytical relations for the case of an AFM probe tapping a viscoelastic surface containing multiple characteristic times

• Enrique A. López-Guerra and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2230–2244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.223

• materials is usually performed through contact-mode methods. Contact-resonance AFM, force-modulation AFM and static force spectroscopy are the most popular examples in this category [9][10][11][12][13]. The permanent-contact nature of these methods offers an important advantage in mechanical

• characterization. In the case of contact-resonance or force-modulation techniques, where the tip oscillates harmonically in permanent contact with the sample, a steady-state development between force and displacement is achieved, which greatly simplifies the interpretation of the observables. Furthermore its

Anodization-based process for the fabrication of all niobium nitride Josephson junction structures

• Massimiliano Lucci,
• Ivano Ottaviani,
• Matteo Cirillo,
• Fabio De Matteis,
• Roberto Francini,
• Vittorio Merlo and
• Ivan Davoli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 539–546, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.58

• oxide thickness T and the voltage across the sample Vs we found T ≈ (2.8 nm)Vs. This relationship could be the connection between the maximum voltage and the maximum thickness (ca. 60 nm) that we can grow before a crack or a fracture starts damaging the film. In the mechanical characterization

Determination of Young’s modulus of Sb₂S₃ nanowires by in situ resonance and bending methods

• Liga Jasulaneca,
• Raimonds Meija,
• Alexander I. Livshits,
• Juris Prikulis,
• Subhajit Biswas,
• Justin D. Holmes and
• Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 278–283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.25

• test [21][22] and nanoindentation [23]. In situ techniques stand out among other methods for mechanical characterization due to their capability of real-time monitoring of the elastic response of the NWs. Bending tests with a use of external force sensor [24], tensile deformation [25][26] as well as

Development of a novel nanoindentation technique by utilizing a dual-probe AFM system

• Eyup Cinar,
• Ferat Sahin and
• Dalia Yablon

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2015–2027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.205

• accuracy, and it opens doors to many other exciting applications in the field of nanomechanical characterization. Keywords: atomic force microscopy (AFM); mechanical characterization; nanoindentation; Introduction Nanoindentation is a commonly used technique to estimate mechanical properties of materials

• models for determining the elastic modulus of cells [2]. In addition to the biomedical engineering field, nanoindentation has been widely used in many other disciplines where accurate mechanical characterization is of high importance [3][4]. The improvement of sensor technology has enabled the

A simple method for the determination of qPlus sensor spring constants

• John Melcher,
• Julian Stirling and
• Gordon A. Shaw

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1733–1742, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.177

• limit the tip height to approximately less than 400 μm. Mechanical characterization of qPlus sensors with nanoindentation In this section we characterize the flexural mechanics of qPlus sensors using a nanoindentation method. The nanoindenter, which is calibrated with traceability to the International

• . Nanoindenter measurements from a tunning fork tine. vs b is plotted where kI is the spring constant measured at an offset b from the distal edge of the tine. A linear least-squares regression determines EI and L of the tine. qPlus model parameters. Mechanical characterization of qPlus sensors with

Oxygen-plasma-modified biomimetic nanofibrous scaffolds for enhanced compatibility of cardiovascular implants

• Anna Maria Pappa,
• Varvara Karagkiozaki,
• Silke Krol,
• Spyros Kassavetis,
• Dimitris Konstantinou,
• Charalampos Pitsalidis,
• Lazaros Tzounis,
• Nikos Pliatsikas and
• Stergios Logothetidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 254–262, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.24

• . Mechanical characterization Nanoindentation: Dynamic nanoindentation testing (continuous stiffness measurements, Nanoindenter XP) was carried out. A Berkovich type diamond nanoindenter with nominal tip roundness of ca. 50 nm was used to test the samples. Several nanoindents were made to different surface

Multifunctional layered magnetic composites

• Maria Siglreitmeier,
• Baohu Wu,
• Tina Kollmann,
• Martin Neubauer,
• Gergely Nagy,
• Dietmar Schwahn,
• Vitaliy Pipich,
• Damien Faivre,
• Dirk Zahn,
• Andreas Fery and
• Helmut Cölfen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 134–148, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.13

• magnetite [43]. Mechanical characterization To examine the mechanical properties of the composite materials we conducted some preliminary experiments. Force spectroscopy measurements with the colloidal probe technique [46][47] were performed on bare and nanoparticle-loaded gelatin as well as on bare and

• pressure. To account for the manifold of possible arrangements intrinsic to the systems complexity a series of 200 independent docking runs were performed for each ionic species. Mechanical characterization Force spectroscopy experiments were conducted at the atomic force microscope (AFM) Nanowizard® I

High-frequency multimodal atomic force microscopy

• Adrian P. Nievergelt,
• Jonathan D. Adams,
• Pascal D. Odermatt and
• Georg E. Fantner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2459–2467, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.255

• ; small cantilevers; Introduction The atomic force microscope (AFM) has developed into an extremely useful and versatile tool for nanometre-scale visualization and mechanical characterization. In recent years, several methods have been developed for simultaneous measurement of topographical and

Mechanical properties of sol–gel derived SiO₂ nanotubes

• Boris Polyakov,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Leonid M Dorogin,
• Mikk Vahtrus,
• Roberts Zabels,
• Sven Lange and
• Rünno Lõhmus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1808–1814, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.191

• structural peculiarities of the material itself. Silicon dioxide in the form of quartz as well as amorphous silica, is a compound with covalent bonds, which at room temperature is rather brittle and does not allow plastic deformation. In studies dedicated to the mechanical characterization of SiO2 NTs and

• mechanical characterization of thick-walled NTs with limited elasticity. Conclusion In this work we measured the Young’s modulus of SiO2 nanotubes by using three different methods. Half-suspended bending tests were carried out inside a SEM by using a nanomanipulator equipped with force sensor. The average

High-resolution nanomechanical analysis of suspended electrospun silk fibers with the torsional harmonic atomic force microscope

• Mark Cronin-Golomb and
• Ozgur Sahin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 243–248, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.25

• 10027, USA 10.3762/bjnano.4.25 Abstract Atomic force microscopes have become indispensable tools for mechanical characterization of nanoscale and submicron structures. However, materials with complex geometries, such as electrospun fiber networks used for tissue scaffolds, still pose challenges due to

• electrospinning process. This size scale is readily accessible by atomic force microscopy for topographical and mechanical characterization. When several fiber layers are deposited to form fibrous tissue scaffolds, these branches form suspended structures. We have limited our experiments to samples that are

Repulsive bimodal atomic force microscopy on polymers

• Alexander M. Gigler,
• Christian Dietz,
• Maximilian Baumann,
• Nicolás F. Martinez,
• Ricardo García and
• Robert W. Stark

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 456–463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.52

• cantilevers may allow the mechanical characterization of biomolecules. In a bimodal AFM setup, two eigenmodes are driven simultaneously using the same dither piezo. Correspondingly, two lock-in amplifiers (one external and one inside the AFM controller) are used to analyze the deflection signals recorded by

Direct monitoring of opto-mechanical switching of self-assembled monolayer films containing the azobenzene group

• Einat Tirosh,
• Enrico Benassi,
• Silvio Pipolo,
• Marcel Mayor,
• Michal Valášek,
• Veronica Frydman,
• Stefano Corni and
• Sidney R. Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 834–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.93

•  8. Mechanical characterization was performed in the AFM by using HarmoniXTM imaging (Bruker, Santa Barbara, CA USA). The HarmoniX AFM technique allows the acquisition of quantitative "images" of mechanical parameters (elastic modulus, adhesion, dissipation) simultaneously with and at the rate of

Mechanical characterization of carbon nanomembranes from self-assembled monolayers

• Xianghui Zhang,
• André Beyer and
• Armin Gölzhäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 826–833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.92

• Xianghui Zhang Andre Beyer Armin Golzhauser Department of Physics, Physics of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.2.92 Abstract This paper reports on the mechanical characterization of carbon nanomembranes (CNMs) with a thickness of 1

• -based CNMs are investigated and discussed. Keywords: bulge test; carbon nanomembrane; mechanical characterization; self-assembled monolayers; two-dimensional materials; Introduction Ultrathin freestanding nanomembranes have recently attracted much attention as promising materials in nanotechnology [1

• investigation of ultrathin CNMs [10]. Here we report the mechanical characterization of one-nanometer-thick freestanding CNMs by means of bulge testing in an AFM. The AFM is used to measure the deflection of the membrane center, either by scanning a bulged membrane (the line-scanning method), or by approaching